The Rhetoric of Restriction: A Content Analysis of Voter Identification Laws in Local News and Political Discourse in Tennessee

Abstract

This thesis examines the partisan frames used when discussing voter ID legislation, opening into a larger discussion about these laws’ effects on voter turnout and civic engagement. Tennessee, which has among the lowest voter turnout rates in the United States, implemented strict voter ID requirements in 2011, raising concerns about the potential for voter suppression, especially among marginalized groups. Using content analysis of articles from Tennessee's top news sources and statements from elected officials spanning from 2011 to the present, this study explores the framing strategies used by Republican and Democratic politicians to promote their respective positions on voter ID laws. The research reveals that Republicans frame the laws as necessary safeguards to prevent voter fraud, while Democrats emphasize their restrictive nature and their disproportionate impact on minority voters. These competing narratives reflect broader ideological divisions, with Republicans focusing on election security and Democrats prioritizing access to the democratic process. The findings highlight how partisan language shapes public perceptions and policy debates, illustrating the role of political rhetoric in influencing public understanding of electoral law. Overall, this thesis opens dialogue regarding the need for policymakers to balance election security with equitable voter participation, ensuring that voter ID laws do not create barriers to the democratic rights of all citizens.