Understanding the Societal, Disciplinary, and Phenotypic Factors Contributing to Hindered Diagnosis of Autism in Women

Abstract

This meta-analysis investigates the possible factors contributing to the underdiagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in women, focusing on three key areas: social masking, gender bias in ASD screening tools, and the unique female phenotype. By analyzing existing literature from the James E. Walker Library JEWL Search provided by Middle Tennessee State University, I researched how social masking allows women to hide their symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis or late diagnosis. Additionally, I explored how traditional screening tools may be biased towards male presentations of ASD, further complicating accurate diagnosis. In summary, research highlights the urgent need for more research on misrepresentation of ASD diagnosis in women. Though findings were limited and inconsistent, understanding potential challenges is crucial for developing effective diagnostic criteria and intervention strategies that consider the distinct presentations of autism in females, promoting improved mental health support and outcomes