Colleges, Departments, Centers & Institutes

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    24-h Fluid Kinetics and Perception of Sweat Losses Following a 1-h Run in a Temperate Environment
    ( 2013-12-10) O’Neal, Eric K. ; Caufield, Christina R. ; Lowe, Jordan B. ; Stevenson, Mary C. ; Davis, Brett A. ; Thigpen, Lauren K.
    This study examined 24-h post-run hydration status and sweat loss estimation accuracy in college age runners (men = 12, women = 8) after completing a 1-h self-paced outdoor run (wet bulb globe temperature = 19.9 ± 3.0 °C). Sweat losses (1353 ± 422 mL; 1.9% ± 0.5% of body mass) were significantly greater (pp less than 0.001) than perceived losses (686 ± 586 mL). Cumulative fluid consumption equaled 3876 ± 1133 mL (218 ± 178 mL during) with 37% of fluid ingested lost through urine voids (1450 ± 678 mL). Fluid balance based on intake and urine production equaled +554 ± 669 mL at 12 h and +1186 ± 735 mL at 24 h. Most runners reported euhydrated (pre-run urine specific gravity (USG) = 1.018 ± 0.008) with no changes (p = 0.33) at hours 12 or 24 when both genders were included. However, USG was higher (p = 0.004) at 12 h post-run for men (1.025 ± 0.0070 vs. 1.014 ± 0.007), who consumed 171% ± 40% of sweat losses at 12 h vs. 268% ± 88% for women. Most runners do not need intervention concerning between bout hydration needs in temperate environments. However, repeated USG measurements were able to identify runners who greatly under or over consumed fluid during recovery. Practitioners can use multiple USG assessments as cheap method to detect runners who need to modify their hydration strategies and should promote assessment of sweat losses by change in body mass, as runners had poor perception of sweat losses.
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    A Biographical Sketch of Julian Wehr (1898-1970): American Master of the Movable Book
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 2024-02-27) Boehm, Alan ; Ziegler, Roy
    In the emerging popular and scholarly attention given to movable books, the name Julian Wehr often figures as an outstanding illustrator and paper engineer who in the 1940s and early 1950s published over 40 children's books notable for their appealing illustrations, but remarkable for their innovative pull-tab animations. Cleverly simple in design and widely imitated at the time, Wehr's approach to animated illustration revived a children's book format that had all but vanished from publishers' trade lists after the First World War because of production impracticalities. For although animated books had enjoyed considerable popularity in the late 1800s and early 1900s, they were typically lavish and expensive novelties that involved the manual assembly of an elaborate array of paper parts and minuscule hardware. By contrast, Wehr's animation technique--yielding pictorial movement as complex as any achieved by earlier methods--relied on only one or two pieces of paper and, moreover, his animated books were easily adapted to low-cost mass production. And mass-produced they were, for it is likely that upwards of nine million copies of Wehr's various titles--some translated into Spanish, French, German, and Icelandic--were sold in the United States, Canada, France, Great Britain, Spain, Germany, Switzerland, Iceland, and elsewhere. Accordingly, we offer in this essay a brief biographical sketch of Wehr's life and career. It is based chiefly on interviews conducted across the spring, summer, and autumn of 2001 with his four children, Camilla West Molinari (Wehr's daughter from his first marriage), David Wehr, Paul Wehr, and Jeanine Wehr Jones (Wehr's sons and daughter from his second marriage). The Wehr children also have made available to us their father's art work, letters, and other materials.
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    A broader elementary education
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1903) Gordy, John Pancoast
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    A foundational study in the pedagogy of arithmetic
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1914) Howell, Henry Budd
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    A handbook of vocational education
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1914) Taylor, Joseph Schimmel
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    A history of Amherst College during the administrations of its first five presidents, from 1821 to 1891
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1895) Tyler, W. S. (William Seymour)
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    A history of education in Virginia
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1916) Heatwole, Cornelius Jacob
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    A history of Japanese mathematics
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1914) Smith, David Eugene; Mikami, Yoshio
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    A Wealth of Suppression
    ( 2022-05-12) Bryan Staples
    “A Wealth of Suppression” is a documentary that examines the role an individuals’ socioeconomic status plays in their participation in an election. In the fall of 2020, despite a global pandemic, one hundred and fifty-eight million Americans voted in our country’s presidential election (uselectionatlas.org). Even though there was a record turnout of American voters, there were still twenty-three percent of Americans age eighteen and older who didn’t participate in the election (census.gov). Is it possible that an individual’s socioeconomic status has influence on whether that individual decides to vote, not for one particular candidate or another, but did they actually cast a ballot in that election?
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    Accessibility Guide for Institutional Repository Deposits
    ( 2024) Digital Scholarship Initiatives
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    Accounting's Role in the Ethical Behavior of Management
    (University Honors College, Middle Tennessee State University, 2015-12-02) Ball, Emily
    Within business there are many debates over the ethical behavior that managers employ when making business decisions. There are many decisions made every day that question ethical codes of conduct. Though some actions may be legal, they may not necessarily be ethical. This paper delves deeper into this ethical debate of management’s behavior within organizations. It explains how accounting is used to influence the ethical behavior of management. Even accounting standards and regulations do not encompass all ethical decision making within an organization. Some decisions are entirely based on ethics and what a company deems appropriate. This paper takes the ideas of earnings management and agency theory and determines how they affect the ethical decision making of management. This paper explores the background of accounting and how company culture, agency theory, and fraud affect the ethical behavior of management within a company.
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    All Aboard the STEAM Bus! Mobile Learning Labs Expand Math & Science Horizons
    (Middle Tennessee State University, 2015) Reed, Karen Nourse ; Carlton, Jennifer "Megan"
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    Allegations of Performance-Enhancing Drug Use and Their Affect on Perceptions of Athlete Intellect
    (College of Liberal Arts, Middle Tennessee State University, 2016) Dix, Andrew
    The central objective of this study was to examine whether allegations of performance- enhancing drug use could affect perceptions of athlete intelligence. Extant literature on sports science and intellect has suggested that athletes are frequently subjected to the negative connotations that are associated with the big dumb jock phenomenon. Critical race scholarship and stereotype threat were also highlighted in the review of related literature. A total of 96 participants completed a pre-test measure that assessed their perceptions of athletes, engaged in a non-related distraction task, and then completed a post-test measure that re-assessed their perceptions of athletes. It was during the post-test administration that participants were supplied negative allegations that implied the athletes had experimented with performance-enhancing drugs. Results indicated that unsubstantiated claims of performance-enhancing drug use resulted in all athletes being perceived as less intelligent. Additional findings illustrated a significant difference exists between how we perceive a black athlete who reportedly used performance-enhancing drugs and how we percei ve a white athlete who reportedly used performance-enhancing drugs. The data from the present investigation hints that athletes are guilty until proven innocent within the intellectual arena in circumstances where allegations of perfor mance- enhancing drug use are publicly disseminated via various mass communication channels. Implications for social judgment theory and avenues for future research were appropriately acknowledged within the present research.
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    American Ginseng Germination and Emergence
    ( 2022-09-07) Ethan M Swiggart
    American ginseng (panax quinquefolius) seed germination and emergence. Seeds from American ginseng have double dormancy, meaning they require two years (18 months) to begin the germination process. Seeds require two winters at very cold temperatures, known as cold stratification, and will germinate in the spring. They are quite small, around 6 cm and very difficult to see. This timelapse video shows the emergence of American ginseng and illuminates another interesting fact about the elusive plant. American ginseng has hypogeous germination! This is a somewhat rare occurrence where the cotyledon (seed leaves) remains underground. The hypocotyl (stem) is quite short and the cotyledons force the radicle and epicotyl to elongate. This results in the plant producing true leaves capable of photosynthesis right from the time of emergence. KEYWORDS: American Ginseng, Ginseng, hypogeous, germination
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    American thought from Puritanism to pragmatism and beyond
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1915) Riley, Woodbridge
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    An introductory logic
    (James E. Walker Library, Middle Tennessee State University, 1909) Creighton, James Edwin
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    De anima: An Exploration Using the Short Story
    (University Honors College, Middle Tennessee State University, 2017-05) Owens, Hanah
    In this project, I set out to illustrate each of the human faculties identified by Aristotle in his De anima in order to examine their role in shaping the perceptions of the individual: a conceptual, singular entity. In doing so, I ultimately strive to establish an understanding of the nature of what Aristotle calls the human soul, which is more likely known to the modern reader as the human psyche. In order to accomplish such a task, I have written a collection of five short stories. Each is an attempt to illustrate one faculty, in particular, of those listed by Aristotle as comprising the soul: desire, reason and understanding, imagination, memory, and emotion. Together, these stories form a collection which suggests that the soul is not only comprised of an individual’s faculties but is also intertwined with the souls of those who surround the singular individual.
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    Antibacterial Properties of Plant Extracts Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
    (University Honors College, Middle Tennessee State University, 2016-05) Saine, Kelly
    The overuse of antibiotics has led to multi-drug resistant (MDR) organisms which few antibiotics can kill. Due to the need for novel antibiotics, pharmaceutical developers are looking at ancient homeopathic remedies for answers. The purpose of this study was to determine if any traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) crude extracts had antibacterial properties, with the larger goal of identifying antibacterial drug candidates. A total of 120 extracts from 22 plants used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants (GBGMP) in Nanning, China were assayed against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. This was done following Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines for aerobacteria using the broth microdilution assay and the disk diffusion assay, respectively. The broth microdilution assayed revealed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the MIC50. Select extracts exhibiting greater than 80% bacterial inhibition and less than 10% toxicity against mammalian cells underwent a dose response to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Of the 120 extracts assayed, none were found to inhibit N. gonorrhoeae. Overall, 28 extracts exhibited inhibition within the above parameters against S. pneumoniae. Three of the extracts had bactericidal potential, 21 had bacteriostatic potential, and four extracts had confounding results and need to be retested. Further testing is needed to identify pure compounds from the crude extracts.
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    Apocalypse Then and Now
    (University Honors College, Middle Tennessee State University, 2015-12-02) Duke, John
    This project is a documentary film about changing perspectives in public opinion and public memory of the Vietnam War. The Vietnam War was an event that left a mark on American society and is seen by many as a turning point in American history. This project will examine how the Vietnam War is remembered by the American people, both those who were young when the war was happening and those who are only now studying it. The main content of this project comes from a series of interviews with veterans of the Vietnam War returning to Vietnam decades later and with modern-day college students who are studying the war through a study abroad program in Vietnam. This project will show how people’s personal opinions on the war have changed over the years and how the entire American society’s views on Vietnam have shifted across generations and will attempt to explain why these changes have occurred.